{"product_id":"iraq-p-76-100-dinars-1991-unc-pink-and-turquoise","title":"Iraq P-76 100 Dinars 1991 UNC—Saddam Hussein—Sword—Pink","description":"\u003cp\u003eIssued under the shadow of UN sanctions and cut off from its European printers, this 100-dinar emergency note is one of the most historically loaded pieces of paper money Iraq ever produced — lithographed domestically, watermark-free, and bearing Saddam Hussein's portrait at the height of the Gulf War crisis.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eFront\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eColors\u003c\/strong\u003e: predominantly pastel pink with turquoise-green ornamental highlights and lavender-gray detailing on a multicolor underprint\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBlack-engraved portrait of \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Saddam_Hussein\"\u003eSaddam Hussein\u003c\/a\u003e facing left, in military uniform — the standard portrait used across Iraqi banknotes during his rule\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLettering\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Arabic\"\u003eArabic\u003c\/a\u003e): البنك المركزي العراقي \/ ١٤١١ هـ - ١٩٩١ م \/ مائة دينار \/ ورقة نقدية صادرة بموجب قانون \/ البنك المركزي العراقي (\"Central Bank of Iraq \/ 1411 AH – 1991 AD \/ One Hundred Dinars \/ Banknote issued under Law \/ Central Bank of Iraq\")\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eBack\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eColors\u003c\/strong\u003e: same pastel pink and turquoise-green palette as the obverse\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eThe \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hands_of_Victory\"\u003eHands of Victory\u003c\/a\u003e — also called the Swords of \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_al-Qadisiyyah\"\u003eQādisiyyah\u003c\/a\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003e— a triumphal arch in central Baghdad commissioned by Saddam Hussein in 1989: two giant forearms (modeled on Saddam's own) clutching crossed swords, base ringed with the helmets of dead Iranian soldiers\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLettering\u003c\/strong\u003e: Central Bank of Iraq \/ 100 \/ One Hundred Dinars\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eOther Characteristics\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eVarieties\u003c\/strong\u003e: single issue (Gulf War Emergency Issue, no recorded sub-varieties)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCatalog numbers:\u003c\/strong\u003e P# 76; \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Numista\"\u003eNumista\u003c\/a\u003e N#207599\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eComposition\u003c\/strong\u003e: Paper\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSize\u003c\/strong\u003e: 174 × 80 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eShape\u003c\/strong\u003e: Rectangular\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eEdge\u003c\/strong\u003e: Cut\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTechnique\u003c\/strong\u003e: Lithography (without watermark)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eOrientation\u003c\/strong\u003e: Horizontal\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eIssuing entity\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Central_Bank_of_Iraq\"\u003eCentral Bank of Iraq\u003c\/a\u003e (البنك المركزي العراقي)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eYears issued:\u003c\/strong\u003e 1411 AH (1991 AD) — single-year emergency issue\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCurrency\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iraqi_dinar\"\u003eIraqi dinar\u003c\/a\u003e (1931–date)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eOfficial language:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Arabic\"\u003eArabic\u003c\/a\u003e; \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kurdish_languages\"\u003eKurdish\u003c\/a\u003e (co-official since 2005)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eAbout Iraq\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrigin of name: From the Arabic \u003cem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iraq#Etymology\"\u003eal-ʿIrāq\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/em\u003e (العراق), of disputed etymology — possibly from the Sumerian city of \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Uruk\"\u003eUruk\u003c\/a\u003e (one of the world's earliest cities), or from the Middle Persian \u003cem\u003eerāq\u003c\/em\u003e meaning \"lowlands\"\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCapital: \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Baghdad\"\u003eBaghdad\u003c\/a\u003e (city pop. ~7.5 million; metro ~9 million)\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrigin of name: From \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Middle_Persian\"\u003eMiddle Persian\u003c\/a\u003e \u003cem\u003ebag-dād\u003c\/em\u003e meaning \"given by God\"; founded as the Abbasid capital in 762 AD by Caliph \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Al-Mansur\"\u003eal-Mansur\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePopulation: ~46 million (UN 2024) — comparable to \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spain\"\u003eSpain\u003c\/a\u003e or \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Argentina\"\u003eArgentina\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eArea: 438,317 km² (169,235 mi²) — comparable to \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/California\"\u003eCalifornia\u003c\/a\u003e or \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sweden\"\u003eSweden\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGDP per capita (\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Purchasing_power_parity\"\u003ePPP\u003c\/a\u003e): ~$10,800 (IMF 2024)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMain exports: Crude oil (~90% of revenue), refined petroleum, gold, dates, fertilizers\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBorders: \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iran\"\u003eIran\u003c\/a\u003e (east), \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Turkey\"\u003eTurkey\u003c\/a\u003e (north), \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Syria\"\u003eSyria\u003c\/a\u003e (northwest), \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jordan\"\u003eJordan\u003c\/a\u003e (west), \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Saudi_Arabia\"\u003eSaudi Arabia\u003c\/a\u003e (south), \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kuwait\"\u003eKuwait\u003c\/a\u003e (southeast); narrow coastline on the \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Persian_Gulf\"\u003ePersian Gulf\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOfficial\/spoken language: \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Arabic\"\u003eArabic\u003c\/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kurdish_languages\"\u003eKurdish\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEthnicities: \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iraqi_Arabs\"\u003eArabs\u003c\/a\u003e (~75%), \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kurds\"\u003eKurds\u003c\/a\u003e (~17%), with \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Turkmen_in_Iraq\"\u003eTurkmen\u003c\/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Assyrian_people\"\u003eAssyrians\u003c\/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yazidis\"\u003eYazidis\u003c\/a\u003e, and others\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMemberships: \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Nations\"\u003eUnited Nations\u003c\/a\u003e (1945, founding member); \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Arab_League\"\u003eArab League\u003c\/a\u003e (1945, founding member); \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/OPEC\"\u003eOPEC\u003c\/a\u003e (1960, founding member); \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation\"\u003eOrganisation of Islamic Cooperation\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSovereignty: \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mandatory_Iraq\"\u003eBritish Mandate\u003c\/a\u003e (1920–1932); independent \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kingdom_of_Iraq\"\u003eKingdom of Iraq\u003c\/a\u003e (1932–1958); \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/14_July_Revolution\"\u003eRepublic\u003c\/a\u003e (1958–date); \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ba%27athist_Iraq\"\u003eBaʿathist rule\u003c\/a\u003e (1968–2003); current federal parliamentary republic since the \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iraq_War\"\u003e2003 invasion\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eIraq Unfiltered\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIraq sits on roughly 9% of the world's proven oil reserves — about 145 billion barrels\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe land between the \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tigris\"\u003eTigris\u003c\/a\u003e and \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Euphrates\"\u003eEuphrates\u003c\/a\u003e rivers is \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mesopotamia\"\u003eMesopotamia\u003c\/a\u003e — birthplace of \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cuneiform\"\u003ecuneiform writing\u003c\/a\u003e (~3200 BC), the wheel, the 60-minute hour, and the first cities\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Iraqi dinar lost ~99% of its value during the 1990s sanctions decade — a 25-dinar note that bought a meal in 1989 was nearly worthless by 1995\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThis 100-dinar note was issued under \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_661\"\u003eUN sanctions\u003c\/a\u003e following Iraq's \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Invasion_of_Kuwait\"\u003eAugust 1990 invasion of Kuwait\u003c\/a\u003e — printed locally on lower-grade paper without watermarks because Iraq was cut off from its usual European banknote suppliers\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSaddam Hussein's portrait appeared on every Iraqi banknote from 1986 until his fall in 2003; the post-2003 dinar replaced him with images of Iraqi heritage sites and historic figures\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIraq has the world's oldest continuously inhabited city in some accounts — \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Erbil\"\u003eErbil\u003c\/a\u003e, settled for at least 6,000 years\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eBanknote of an Embargo\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe 100-dinar Emergency Issue is a relic of a specific moment: Iraq under \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_661\"\u003eUN Security Council Resolution 661\u003c\/a\u003e, the most comprehensive trade embargo ever imposed on a single state. Before 1990, Iraqi banknotes were printed in Switzerland and the United Kingdom on watermarked, security-grade paper. After August 2, 1990, those contracts were cancelled overnight. The Central Bank of Iraq turned to a domestic Lithography press, dropped the watermark, and began stamping out increasingly rapid issues to keep up with the hyperinflation that was already underway. This note is part of that improvised currency — a piece of paper that physically embodies the moment when Iraq was severed from the global financial system.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eHands of Victory\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe reverse depicts the \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hands_of_Victory\"\u003eHands of Victory\u003c\/a\u003e — two enormous forearms, cast from molds of Saddam Hussein's own arms, holding aloft crossed swords. The arch was unveiled in 1989 at the parade ground in central Baghdad to mark Iraq's claimed victory in the \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Iran%E2%80%93Iraq_War\"\u003eIran–Iraq War\u003c\/a\u003e (1980–1988). The swords themselves were cast from melted-down weapons captured from Iranian soldiers. At the base of each arm, ~5,000 helmets of Iranian dead were arranged in a netting pattern. After 2003 the monument was scheduled for demolition, but international protest and historical-preservation arguments saved it; today it stands restored, the helmets removed, in the heavily fortified Green Zone.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSaddam GWEI Predominantly pastel pink with turquoise-green ornamental highlights, lavender-gray detailing, and a black-engraved portrait of Saddam Hussein.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"World Money Store","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52110597194039,"sku":"IQ76UNC","price":3.49,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0969\/7165\/3431\/files\/IQ76o.jpg?v=1778518406","url":"https:\/\/worldmoneystore.com\/products\/iraq-p-76-100-dinars-1991-unc-pink-and-turquoise","provider":"World Money Store","version":"1.0","type":"link"}