{"product_id":"chile-p-127-10-centesimos-nd1960-63-very-fine-plus","title":"Chile P-127 10 Centesimos ND(1960-63) Very Fine Plus","description":"\u003cp\u003eA vivid piece of monetary improvisation — Chile's transition from the Peso to the Escudo in 1960 was so abrupt that the Central Bank simply stamped existing 100 Peso notes with a red overprint declaring them worth 10 Centésimos de Escudo. You will receive one note from this series; the exact signature variety (P-127a) will vary.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003ch3\u003eObverse\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eColor:\u003c\/strong\u003e red engraving on multicolor underprint\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003ePortrait of \u003cstrong\u003eArturo Prat\u003c\/strong\u003e at right\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eDenomination \"DIEZ CONDORES\" and \"CIEN PESOS\" in lettering; \"100\" in numerals\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eText: \u003cem\u003eCONVERTIBLES EN ORO CONFORME A LA LEY\u003c\/em\u003e (Convertible in gold, according to the Law)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003ePrinter imprint: CASA DE MONEDA DE CHILE\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSignatures:\u003c\/strong\u003e Varieties — you may receive any variety:\n    \u003cul\u003e\n      \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eND(1960–61):\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?q=Eduardo+Figueroa+Geisse+Banco+Central+Chile\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eEduardo Figueroa Geisse\u003c\/a\u003e \u0026amp; \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?q=Luis+Mackenna+Shiell+Banco+Central+Chile\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eLuis Mackenna Shiell\u003c\/a\u003e — Pres. \u0026amp; Gen. Manager\u003c\/li\u003e\n      \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eND(1962):\u003c\/em\u003e \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?q=Luis+Mackenna+Shiell+Banco+Central+Chile\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eLuis Mackenna Shiell\u003c\/a\u003e \u0026amp; \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?q=Francisco+Ib%C3%A1%C3%B1ez+Barcel%C3%B3+Banco+Central+Chile\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eFrancisco Ibáñez Barceló\u003c\/a\u003e — Pres. \u0026amp; Gen. Manager\u003c\/li\u003e\n      \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eND(1963):\u003c\/em\u003e \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?q=Sergio+Molina+Silva+Banco+Central+Chile\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eSergio Molina Silva\u003c\/a\u003e \u0026amp; \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?q=Francisco+Ib%C3%A1%C3%B1ez+Barcel%C3%B3+Banco+Central+Chile\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eFrancisco Ibáñez Barceló\u003c\/a\u003e — Pres. \u0026amp; Gen. Manager\u003c\/li\u003e\n    \u003c\/ul\u003e\n  \u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\n\u003ch3\u003eBack\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eColor:\u003c\/strong\u003e red overprint on brown underprint\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eSeal of the Central Bank of Chile at lower center; issuer name at top\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\"100\" in all four corners; \"CIEN\" rotated 90° on sides near edge\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eRed overprint\u003c\/strong\u003e declaring new denomination: \u003cem\u003e10 CENTESIMOS DE ESCUDO\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eOriginal denomination \"CIEN PESOS\" retained in underlying print\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\n\u003ch3\u003eOther Characteristics\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eVarieties:\u003c\/strong\u003e you may receive any variety:\n    \u003cul\u003e\n      \u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eND(1960–61) — EFG \u0026amp; LMS — this series\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n      \u003cli\u003e\u003cem\u003eND(1962) — LMS \u0026amp; FIB\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n      \u003cli\u003e\u003cem\u003eND(1963) — SMS \u0026amp; FIB\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n    \u003c\/ul\u003e\n  \u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCatalog numbers:\u003c\/strong\u003e Pick P-127a; Numista N#204425\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eWatermark:\u003c\/strong\u003e Portrait of Diego Portales\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eComposition:\u003c\/strong\u003e Paper (overprinted on P-122)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSize:\u003c\/strong\u003e 145 × 70 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eIssuing entity:\u003c\/strong\u003e Central Bank of Chile (Banco Central de Chile)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePrinter:\u003c\/strong\u003e Casa de Moneda de Chile\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Demonetization_(currency)\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eDemonetized\u003c\/a\u003e:\u003c\/strong\u003e Yes (Escudo replaced by Peso in 1975)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCurrency:\u003c\/strong\u003e Chilean Escudo (1960–1975)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\n\u003ch2\u003eThe Man on the Note\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eArturo Prat Chacón (1848–1879)\u003c\/strong\u003e is Chile's most celebrated naval hero. A lawyer and naval officer, he commanded the wooden corvette \u003cem\u003eEsmeralda\u003c\/em\u003e during the \u003cstrong\u003eBattle of Iquique\u003c\/strong\u003e on 21 May 1879 — the opening engagement of the War of the Pacific. Hopelessly outgunned by the Peruvian ironclad \u003cem\u003eHuáscar\u003c\/em\u003e, Prat refused to surrender. When the enemy ship rammed his vessel, he leapt aboard the \u003cem\u003eHuáscar\u003c\/em\u003e alone, sword in hand, and was shot dead within seconds. His crew followed. The \u003cem\u003eEsmeralda\u003c\/em\u003e sank. Chile lost the battle — but Prat's death galvanized the nation. Chile went on to win the war decisively. \u003cstrong\u003e21 May\u003c\/strong\u003e is now a national holiday: \u003cem\u003eDía de las Glorias Navales\u003c\/em\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003ch2\u003eThe Overnight Currency\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn \u003cstrong\u003e1 January 1960\u003c\/strong\u003e, Chile replaced the Peso with the Escudo at a rate of \u003cstrong\u003e1 Escudo = 1,000 Pesos\u003c\/strong\u003e — an attempt to tame chronic inflation that had been eroding purchasing power for decades. The transition was so rapid that the Central Bank had no time to print sufficient new notes. The solution: \u003cstrong\u003estamp the old ones\u003c\/strong\u003e. Existing 100 Peso notes (P-122) were overprinted in red with their new Escudo value — 10 Centésimos — and returned to circulation. It is a rare and candid admission that monetary reform sometimes outruns the printing press. The Escudo itself lasted only until 1975, when a new Peso replaced it at 1,000 Escudos to 1 Peso — inflation had done it again.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003ch3\u003eAbout Chile\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eOrigin of name:\u003c\/strong\u003e Likely from the Quechua word \u003cem\u003echili\u003c\/em\u003e, meaning \"where the land ends\" or possibly from the Mapuche word for \"cold\" or \"deep\" — the exact etymology remains debated\n    \u003cul\u003e\n      \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eOrigin of name of Santiago:\u003c\/strong\u003e Named \u003cem\u003eSantiago de Nueva Extremadura\u003c\/em\u003e by conquistador Pedro de Valdivia in 1541, in honor of Saint James (Santiago), patron saint of Spain\u003c\/li\u003e\n    \u003c\/ul\u003e\n  \u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCapital:\u003c\/strong\u003e Santiago — city pop. ~6.3 million; metro pop. ~8 million\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePopulation:\u003c\/strong\u003e ~19.6 million (UN 2024) — roughly the size of New York State and Pennsylvania combined\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eArea:\u003c\/strong\u003e 756,102 km² (291,933 mi²) — slightly larger than Texas; the world's longest country north-to-south at ~4,300 km\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eGDP per capita (\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Purchasing_power_parity\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePPP\u003c\/a\u003e):\u003c\/strong\u003e ~$29,000 (IMF 2024) — among the highest in Latin America\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMain exports:\u003c\/strong\u003e copper (world's largest producer), lithium, fruit, wine, salmon, cellulose\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBorders:\u003c\/strong\u003e Peru (north), Bolivia (northeast), Argentina (east); Pacific Ocean to the west; Drake Passage to the south\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eOfficial\/spoken languages:\u003c\/strong\u003e Spanish (official); Mapudungun and other indigenous languages spoken by minorities\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eEthnicities:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mestizo\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eMestizo and white\u003c\/a\u003e (~95%), \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mapuche\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eMapuche\u003c\/a\u003e (~9%), other indigenous groups\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMemberships:\u003c\/strong\u003e United Nations (founding member, 1945); Organization of American States (founding member, 1948); Pacific Alliance (founding member, 2011); APEC; WTO; OECD (2010)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSovereignty:\u003c\/strong\u003e Spanish colonial rule (1540–1818); Independence declared 18 September 1810; formally recognized 1818; Republic established 1818–date\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\n\u003ch3\u003eChile Unfiltered\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eChile is the world's longest country\u003c\/strong\u003e — stretching 4,300 km from the Atacama Desert in the north to Patagonia and Cape Horn in the south, yet averaging only 177 km wide.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eThe Atacama Desert is the driest non-polar desert on Earth\u003c\/strong\u003e — some weather stations there have never recorded rainfall. It also sits atop the world's largest lithium reserves.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eChile controls Easter Island (Rapa Nui)\u003c\/strong\u003e — home to the famous \u003cem\u003emoai\u003c\/em\u003e statues, located 3,700 km off the coast in the middle of the Pacific Ocean.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eChile has been struck by the two most powerful earthquakes ever recorded\u003c\/strong\u003e — the 1960 Valdivia earthquake (magnitude 9.5, the strongest in history) and the 2010 Maule earthquake (magnitude 8.8).\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eChile produces some of the world's finest wines\u003c\/strong\u003e — its unique geography, sandwiched between the Andes and the Pacific, creates ideal microclimates for Cabernet Sauvignon, Carménère, and Sauvignon Blanc.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eThe 2010 Copiapó mining accident\u003c\/strong\u003e trapped 33 miners 700 meters underground for 69 days — all were rescued alive in a globally televised operation.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eChile was the first country in Latin America to elect a socialist president by popular vote\u003c\/strong\u003e — Salvador Allende in 1970, who was overthrown in a US-backed coup on 11 September 1973.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eOwn this note and hold a small masterpiece of monetary improvisation — the stamp that launched a currency, the hero who died sword in hand, and the inflation that eventually swallowed them both. A fascinating relic from one of South America's most dramatic economic transitions.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"World Money Store","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52646612631863,"sku":"CL127VF","price":1.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0969\/7165\/3431\/files\/127ocopy_ef72fa74-fb7f-4470-9ac1-f3a838a2808e.jpg?v=1783745927","url":"https:\/\/worldmoneystore.com\/products\/chile-p-127-10-centesimos-nd1960-63-very-fine-plus","provider":"World Money Store","version":"1.0","type":"link"}