{"product_id":"caribbean-p-93-1-peso-1953-fvf-rare-commemorative-blue-100th-anniv-birth-of-marti-fine-very-fine","title":"Caribbean P-93 1 peso 1953 FVF RARE commemorative blue 100th anniv. birth of Μαrtί Fine\/Very Fine A263708A","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-root=\"1\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eYou receive the exact not pictured. Serial no. A263708A\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-root=\"1\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCommemorative of 100th anniversary of José Μαrtί's birth on January 28, 1853\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-root=\"1\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eColor\u003c\/strong\u003e: Black and blue.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-root=\"1\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFront\u003c\/strong\u003e: José Μαrtί; bank seal; sword, book, rose, quill, and \u003cem\u003eManifesto de Montecristi \u003c\/em\u003escroll (1895). \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-root=\"1\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBack\u003c\/strong\u003e: dates; map of the country; coat of arms. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-root=\"1\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eNo security thread. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-root=\"1\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWatermark\u003c\/strong\u003e: None. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-root=\"1\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrinter\u003c\/strong\u003e: American Bank Note Compay \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-root=\"1\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSize\u003c\/strong\u003e: 156 x 66 mm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 data-end=\"283\" data-start=\"81\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-end=\"113\" data-start=\"85\"\u003eJosé Μαrtί\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong data-end=\"113\" data-start=\"85\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-end=\"83\" data-start=\"42\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"hover:entity-accent entity-underline inline cursor-pointer align-baseline\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"whitespace-normal\"\u003eJosé Μαrtί\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e (1853–1895) \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003ewas a poet, journalist, political theorist, and revolutionary organizer who became the intellectual architect of the country’s final struggle for independence from Spain. Exiled for much of his adult life, he wrote prolifically from Latin America and the United States, arguing for a sovereign republic built on racial equality, civic virtue, and protection from foreign domination. His essays fused romantic idealism with sharp geopolitical awareness, insisting that true independence required not merely the expulsion of colonial authority but the creation of a just, modern civil state. In 1895 he returned to join the armed uprising he had helped design and was killed in one of its first engagements, transforming him from political strategist into enduring national martyr and moral reference point.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 data-end=\"283\" data-start=\"81\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-end=\"113\" data-start=\"85\"\u003eManifesto de Montecristi\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"283\" data-start=\"81\"\u003eThe political and moral blueprint of the country’s final war for independence from Spain. It was signed on \u003cstrong data-end=\"242\" data-start=\"225\"\u003e25 March 1895\u003c\/strong\u003e in the Dominican town of Montecristi by:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-end=\"447\" data-start=\"285\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"371\" data-start=\"285\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"371\" data-start=\"287\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-end=\"328\" data-start=\"287\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"hover:entity-accent entity-underline inline cursor-pointer align-baseline\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"whitespace-normal\"\u003eJosé Μαrtί\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e – intellectual architect of independence\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"447\" data-start=\"372\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"447\" data-start=\"374\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-end=\"415\" data-start=\"374\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"hover:entity-accent entity-underline inline cursor-pointer align-baseline\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"whitespace-normal\"\u003eMáximo Gόmεz\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e – seasoned military commander\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"586\" data-start=\"449\"\u003eIt marked the formal ideological launch of the \u003cstrong data-end=\"531\" data-start=\"496\"\u003eWar of Independence (1895–1898)\u003c\/strong\u003e — the conflict that ended Spanish rule in the country.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr data-end=\"591\" data-start=\"588\"\u003e\n\u003ch4 data-end=\"612\" data-start=\"593\"\u003eWhy Montecristi?\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"899\" data-start=\"614\"\u003eΜαrtί and Gόmεz met in exile in Montecristi (Dominican Republic) to coordinate the uprising that had already begun in the eastern provinces in February 1895. The document was meant to clarify — to residents, to Spain, and to foreign observers — what this war was \u003cem data-end=\"898\" data-start=\"877\"\u003eand what it was not\u003c\/em\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"1011\" data-start=\"901\"\u003eΜαrtί understood that revolutions collapse when their moral purpose is vague. So he defined it with precision.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr data-end=\"1016\" data-start=\"1013\"\u003e\n\u003ch4 data-end=\"1036\" data-start=\"1018\"\u003eCore Principles\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003ch4 data-end=\"1089\" data-start=\"1038\"\u003e1. The war was for independence — not revenge\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"1295\" data-start=\"1090\"\u003eIt was not a racial uprising, nor a campaign of hatred against Spaniards. The manifesto explicitly stated that Spaniards residing in the country would not be persecuted if they did not resist independence.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"1450\" data-start=\"1297\"\u003eAfter the brutal Ten Years’ War (1868–1878), Spain portrayed rebels as extremists. Martí reframed the struggle as lawful, modern, and ethically grounded.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch4 data-end=\"1478\" data-start=\"1452\"\u003e2. Unity across race\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"1605\" data-start=\"1479\"\u003eBlack and white citizens were to fight together. The future republic was envisioned as one “with all and for the good of all.”\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"1760\" data-start=\"1607\"\u003eGiven the plantation past and persistent racial anxieties in the Caribbean, this clause was strategically decisive. It neutralized fears of social chaos.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch4 data-end=\"1790\" data-start=\"1762\"\u003e3. A civilian republic\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"2009\" data-start=\"1791\"\u003eThe objective was a constitutional republic — not permanent military rule. Gómez, though a general, accepted civilian supremacy. Martí feared the pattern of post-independence militarism seen elsewhere in Latin America.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch4 data-end=\"2055\" data-start=\"2011\"\u003e4. Defense against external domination\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"2236\" data-start=\"2056\"\u003eThough diplomatically worded, the manifesto clearly sought to prevent foreign annexation. Independence was framed as necessary to secure full sovereignty and avoid outside control.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"2300\" data-start=\"2238\"\u003eThe geopolitical implications were obvious to careful readers.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch4 data-end=\"2332\" data-start=\"2307\"\u003eHistorical Consequence\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"2356\" data-start=\"2334\"\u003eThe war that followed:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-end=\"2657\" data-start=\"2358\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"2395\" data-start=\"2358\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"2395\" data-start=\"2360\"\u003eΜαrtί died in battle in May 1895.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"2461\" data-start=\"2396\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"2461\" data-start=\"2398\"\u003eGómez led an aggressive guerrilla campaign across the island.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"2518\" data-start=\"2462\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"2518\" data-start=\"2464\"\u003eSpain responded with harsh reconcentration policies.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"2589\" data-start=\"2519\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"2589\" data-start=\"2521\"\u003eIn 1898, the \u003cstrong data-end=\"2575\" data-start=\"2534\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"hover:entity-accent entity-underline inline cursor-pointer align-baseline\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"whitespace-normal\"\u003eSpanish–American War\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e intervened.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"2657\" data-start=\"2590\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"2657\" data-start=\"2592\"\u003eSpain lost control of the country — but U.S. occupation followed.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"2812\" data-start=\"2659\"\u003eThe manifesto envisioned complete sovereignty. What emerged in 1902 was formal independence under significant U.S. influence through the Platt Amendment.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"2879\" data-start=\"2814\"\u003eΜαrtί's caution about external power proved strikingly prescient.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch4 data-end=\"2903\" data-start=\"2886\"\u003eWhy It Matters\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"2968\" data-start=\"2905\"\u003eThe Manifesto de Montecristi is the intellectual hinge between:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-end=\"3116\" data-start=\"2970\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"3021\" data-start=\"2970\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"3021\" data-start=\"2972\"\u003eThe earlier 1868 uprising initiated by Cέspεdεs\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"3057\" data-start=\"3022\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"3057\" data-start=\"3024\"\u003eThe military campaigns of Gómez\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"3116\" data-start=\"3058\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"3116\" data-start=\"3060\"\u003eThe modern republican nationalism articulated by Μαrtί\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"3223\" data-start=\"3118\"\u003eIt is less a revolutionary pamphlet than a constitutional thesis written before the constitution existed.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"World Money Store","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":51712398688567,"sku":"CU93FVF-A263708A","price":89.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0969\/7165\/3431\/files\/IMG_1629_93-fvf-o.jpg?v=1771888954","url":"https:\/\/worldmoneystore.com\/products\/caribbean-p-93-1-peso-1953-fvf-rare-commemorative-blue-100th-anniv-birth-of-marti-fine-very-fine","provider":"World Money Store","version":"1.0","type":"link"}