{"product_id":"argentina-p-328b-500-australes-1988-1990-unc-ser-a-redp-jgf-avellaneda","title":"Argentina P-328b 500 Australes ND (1990) UNC—Ser A SIg REDP\/JGF—The Boy President","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe 500 Australes is the higher-denomination companion to the 100 — same crisis, same doomed currency, same allegorical reverse, but a different face: \u003cstrong\u003eNicolás Avellaneda\u003c\/strong\u003e, the youngest president in Argentine history. Series b, the final and most common issue, signed by REDP and JGF, in UNC.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003ch3\u003eFront\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eColors:\u003c\/strong\u003e olive-green engraving; light tan-cream background; purple and gold accents\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePortrait:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nicol%C3%A1s_Avellaneda\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eNicolás Avellaneda\u003c\/a\u003e — journalist, lawyer, and \u003cstrong\u003eArgentina's seventh president\u003c\/strong\u003e (1874–1880), elected at age 37, making him the youngest president in the country's history; champion of immigration and national education\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLettering:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cem\u003eBANCO CENTRAL DE LA REPUBLICA ARGENTINA \/ Quinientos Australes \/ Nicolás Avellaneda\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSignatures:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.bcra.gob.ar\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eRene E. De Paul\u003c\/a\u003e (Gen. Manager) \u0026amp; \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Javier_Gonz%C3%A1lez_Fraga\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eJavier González Fraga\u003c\/a\u003e (President)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\n\u003ch3\u003eBack\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eColors:\u003c\/strong\u003e purple-violet background; olive-green engraving; gold accents\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCentral vignette:\u003c\/strong\u003e Allegorical figure of Liberty (\u003cem\u003eProgreso\u003c\/em\u003e) — seated at left center, holding a torch and shield\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLettering:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cem\u003eREPUBLICA ARGENTINA \/ Quinientos Australes\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\n\u003ch3\u003eOther Characteristics\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eVarieties:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cem\u003eP-328a ND(1988) ES\/JLM Series A\u003c\/em\u003e; \u003cstrong\u003eP-328b ND(1990) REDP\/JGF Series A — this note\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCatalog numbers:\u003c\/strong\u003e P-328b; Bottero# 2851; Colantonio# 711; Numista N#203814\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eWatermark:\u003c\/strong\u003e Multiple sunbursts\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eComposition:\u003c\/strong\u003e Paper\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSize:\u003c\/strong\u003e 155 × 65 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eIssuing entity:\u003c\/strong\u003e Central Bank of the Argentine Republic (\u003cem\u003eBanco Central de la República Argentina\u003c\/em\u003e)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePrinter:\u003c\/strong\u003e Casa de Moneda, Argentina\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDemonetized:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Demonetization_(currency)\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e30 November 1992\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSignatures:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.bcra.gob.ar\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eRene E. De Paul\u003c\/a\u003e (Gen. Manager) \u0026amp; \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Javier_Gonz%C3%A1lez_Fraga\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eJavier González Fraga\u003c\/a\u003e (President)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCurrency:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Argentine_austral\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eArgentine Austral\u003c\/a\u003e (1985–1991)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\n\u003ch2\u003eA Currency Born in Crisis\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Austral was introduced on 15 June 1985 under President Raúl Alfonsín as part of the \u003cstrong\u003ePlan Austral\u003c\/strong\u003e — a shock stabilization program meant to arrest hyperinflation that had reached 688% annually. The new currency replaced the Peso Argentino at a rate of 1 Austral = 1,000 Pesos Argentinos. It worked — briefly. By 1989, inflation was back above 3,000%, and the Austral itself was replaced by the Peso Convertible in 1992 at 10,000 Australes to 1 Peso. This note is a physical record of that collapse.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003ch2\u003eAvellaneda: The Boy President\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNicolás Avellaneda\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003e1837\u003c\/strong\u003e–\u003cstrong\u003e1885\u003c\/strong\u003e) was born in \u003cstrong\u003eTucumán\u003c\/strong\u003e and rose to the presidency at just 37 — the youngest in Argentine history. A lawyer, journalist, and passionate advocate for public education, he authored the landmark \u003cem\u003eLey de Educación Común\u003c\/em\u003e framework and oversaw the federalization of \u003cstrong\u003eBuenos Aires\u003c\/strong\u003e as the national capital in 1880, a defining moment in Argentina's consolidation as a modern state. He died at 48, still young, still consequential. His presence on the 500 Australes places one of Argentina's most intellectually serious leaders on its most economically chaotic currency.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003ch2\u003eLiberty Seated — Progreso\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe reverse allegory of \u003cstrong\u003eLiberty\u003c\/strong\u003e — rendered here as \u003cem\u003eProgreso\u003c\/em\u003e, Progress — is a classical motif that appears across Argentine currency history. Torch aloft, shield at her side, she embodies the republican ideals Argentina proclaimed and struggled to sustain. The irony of a \u003cem\u003eProgress\u003c\/em\u003e figure on a note issued during economic freefall is not lost on collectors.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003ch3\u003eAbout Argentina\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eOrigin of name:\u003c\/strong\u003e From Latin \u003cem\u003eargentum\u003c\/em\u003e (silver), referencing the silver-rich lands the Spanish hoped to find — and the \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/R%C3%ADo_de_la_Plata\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eRío de la Plata\u003c\/a\u003e (River of Silver) basin\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCapital:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Buenos_Aires\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eBuenos Aires\u003c\/a\u003e — city pop. ~3.1 million; metro pop. ~15.5 million (2023)\n    \u003cul\u003e\n      \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eOrigin of name:\u003c\/strong\u003e Spanish for \"fair winds\" (\u003cem\u003ebuenos aires\u003c\/em\u003e), from the full original name \u003cem\u003eCiudad de la Santísima Trinidad y Puerto de Santa María de los Buenos Aires\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n    \u003c\/ul\u003e\n  \u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePopulation:\u003c\/strong\u003e ~46 million (UN 2023) — roughly California and Texas combined\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eArea:\u003c\/strong\u003e 2,780,400 km² (1,073,518 mi²) — roughly the size of India, or the entire contiguous US east of the Mississippi plus Texas\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eGDP per capita (\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Purchasing_power_parity\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePPP\u003c\/a\u003e):\u003c\/strong\u003e ~$27,000 (IMF 2023)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMain exports:\u003c\/strong\u003e Soybeans and soy products, corn, wheat, beef, lithium, petroleum\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBorders:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chile\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eChile\u003c\/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bolivia\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eBolivia\u003c\/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Paraguay\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eParaguay\u003c\/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Brazil\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eBrazil\u003c\/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Uruguay\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eUruguay\u003c\/a\u003e; South Atlantic Ocean\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eOfficial\/spoken language:\u003c\/strong\u003e Spanish (~100%)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eEthnicities:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/European_Argentines\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eEuropean Argentines\u003c\/a\u003e (~97%, predominantly Italian and Spanish descent); \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indigenous_peoples_in_Argentina\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eIndigenous peoples\u003c\/a\u003e (~3%)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMemberships:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Nations\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eUN\u003c\/a\u003e (founding member, 1945); \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/G20\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eG20\u003c\/a\u003e (founding member, 1999); \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mercosur\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eMercosur\u003c\/a\u003e (founding member, 1991); \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Organization_of_American_States\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eOAS\u003c\/a\u003e (founding member, 1948); \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/BRICS\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eBRICS\u003c\/a\u003e (invited 2023, declined 2024)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSovereignty:\u003c\/strong\u003e Declared independence from Spain 9 July 1816; Federal Republic established 1861\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\n\u003ch3\u003eArgentina Unfiltered\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eArgentina has defaulted on its sovereign debt \u003cstrong\u003enine times\u003c\/strong\u003e — more than any other country in history, including defaults in 2001 (the largest in history at the time, $100 billion) and 2020\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIn 2023, annual inflation hit \u003cstrong\u003e211%\u003c\/strong\u003e — the highest in the world that year; the peso lost ~80% of its value in 12 months\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eArgentina was once the \u003cstrong\u003e10th richest country in the world\u003c\/strong\u003e by GDP per capita (circa 1913) — wealthier than France or Germany at the time\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eThe country has \u003cstrong\u003ethree time zones\u003c\/strong\u003e on paper but operates on one — clocks in Patagonia are effectively wrong by up to an hour\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eArgentina produces more \u003cstrong\u003epsychoanalysts per capita\u003c\/strong\u003e than any country on Earth; Buenos Aires has more therapists per resident than New York City\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eThe \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Patagonia\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePatagonian steppe\u003c\/a\u003e is one of the least densely populated regions on Earth — vast stretches with fewer than 1 person per km²\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eArgentina is the world's \u003cstrong\u003ethird-largest lithium producer\u003c\/strong\u003e, sitting atop the \"Lithium Triangle\" with Chile and Bolivia\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eOwn this note and hold a tangible piece of Argentina's most dramatic monetary experiment — a currency that rose from crisis, briefly stabilized a nation, and collapsed under the weight of its own contradictions. P-328b, Series b, the final issue, in UNC: the last word on the 500 Austral.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"World Money Store","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52464796139831,"sku":"AR328bUNC","price":1.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0969\/7165\/3431\/files\/328o_9335100f-1bc0-43c0-ac57-721ad59a8558.jpg?v=1781352422","url":"https:\/\/worldmoneystore.com\/products\/argentina-p-328b-500-australes-1988-1990-unc-ser-a-redp-jgf-avellaneda","provider":"World Money Store","version":"1.0","type":"link"}